Rey maya chan bahlum biography

Keywords Ruins Architecture Temples. Exports Select an option. RefWorks RefWorks. Endnote Endnote. Maya kings felt the need to legitimize their claim to power. One of the ways to do this was to build a temple or pyramid. Tikal Temple I is a good example. The Temple of Inscriptions still towers today amid the ruins of Palenque, as the supreme symbol of influence and power in Palenque.

Maya kings cultivated godlike personas. When a ruler died and left no heir to the throne, the result was usually war and bloodshed. King Pacal's precursor, Pacal I , died upon the battlefield. However, instead of the kingdom erupting into chaos, the city of Palenque , a Maya capital city in southern Mexico, invited in a young prince from a different city-state.

The prince was only twelve years old. Pacal and his predecessors not only built elaborate temples and pyramids. They expanded their city-state into a thriving empire. Pacal achieved in creating a major center for power and development. A Maya king was expected to be an excellent military leader. He would often carry out raids against rival city-states.

The Maya kings also offered their own blood to the gods. The rulers were also expected to have a good mind to solve problems that the city might be facing, including war and food crises. Maya kings were expected to ensure the gods received the prayers, praise and attention they deserved and to reinforce their divine lineage. A more private ritual was that of blood sacrifice, which was done by Lords and their wives.

All dates AD. All the rulers, with the exception of the last one, appear in the called Altar Q. It's possible that was her the organizer of many of Naranjo campaigns that, early in his reign, defeated Yaxha, Tikal, and Ucanal. The dynastic line of Tikal, founded as early as the 1st century AD, spanned years and included at least 33 rulers.

This city is here included because, despite being founded in the Classic period, it attained the peak of its influence in the Post Classic. Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk. Read Edit View history. Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects. Wikidata item. Centers of power for the Maya civilization. This article is about Maya monarchs in general.

For Maya queens specifically, see Queens in Maya society. This article includes a list of general references , but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. July Learn how and when to remove this message. Symbols of power [ edit ]. Succession [ edit ].

Expansion [ edit ]. Responsibilities [ edit ]. Known rulers of Mayan city-states in the Classic Period [ edit ]. Notes: All dates AD; if otherwise, it is stated. The lists may not be completed. However, take in consideration that some lists are more completed than others in different aspects. English language names are provisional nicknames based on their identifying glyphs, where rulers' Maya language names have not yet been definitively deciphered phonetically.

Aguas Calientes [ edit ]. Aguateca [ edit ]. Altun Ha [ edit ]. La Amelia [ edit ]. Bonampak [ edit ]. See also: Bonampak and Chiapa de Corzo Mesoamerican site. Calakmul [ edit ]. See also: Calakmul and Dzibanche. Caracol [ edit ]. Main article: List of lords of Caracol. El Cayo [ edit ]. Chinikiha [ edit ]. Comalcalco [ edit ].

La Corona [ edit ]. Dos Pilas [ edit ]. Dzibilchaltun [ edit ]. La Florida [ edit ]. Holmul [ edit ]. Ixkun [ edit ]. Ixtutz [ edit ]. Lacanha [ edit ]. Machaquila [ edit ]. La Mar [ edit ]. Moral Reforma [ edit ]. Naranjo [ edit ]. Palenque [ edit ]. Mythological and legendary rulers [ edit ]. Historical rulers [ edit ]. El Palma [ edit ].

Piedras Negras [ edit ]. Pomona [ edit ]. Pusilha [ edit ]. Sacul [ edit ]. Sak Tz'i [ edit ]. Seibal [ edit ]. Tamarindito [ edit ]. Teotihuacan [ edit ]. Tikal [ edit ]. Main article: List of lords of Tikal. Ucanal [ edit ]. Xultun [ edit ]. Yaxchilan [ edit ]. Yaxha [ edit ]. Yootz [ edit ]. El Zapote [ edit ]. Zapote Bobal [ edit ]. As religious leaders they were believed to hold special powers over supernatural forces and sacred ancestors.

Excavated broken and battered at the foot of Mound E, Chalchuapa Monument 1 depicts a Late Preclassic ruler accompanied by an extensive but unreadable Maya hieroglyphic text. Monument 65 from the powerful highland Maya capital of Kaminaljuyu depicts a succession of Late Preclassic rulers seated on thrones, each flanked by two bound captives. Many religious and economic activities reinforced the authority of early rulers.

They sponsored public ceremonies, ritual ball games, markets, and craft manufacture. Markets provided access to food, goods, services, and also were an outlet for the products of each household. Maya rulers encouraged long-distance trade and gained new sources of wealth from markets, craftsmen, and merchants. Rare materials, such as jade and the iridescent green quetzal feathers, were believed to possess sacred qualities and were reserved for elite use, increasing their prestige and authority.

The construction of temples, causeways, and reservoirs, as well as palaces for rulers encouraged the prosperity and growth of major population centers. These were built and maintained by the labor of non-elite subjects, both for the common good and in the belief that these constructions would win the favor of the gods. Growth and prosperity led to competition and conflict, as polities attempted to control more land, trade, and people.

Polities that controlled vital raw materials often had an advantage. The site of Kaminaljuyu became the dominant Preclassic capital in the Maya highlands by controlling access to obsidian and jade. In the Middle Preclassic the rulers of Kaminaljuyu oversaw the construction of one of the earliest irrigation canals in Mesoamerica to expand agricultural production and their growing capital.

Unknown to archaeology until their discovery in , the beautifully preserved murals at San Bartolo, Guatemala, date to ca. This view from the Monumental Plaza in Copan, Honduras, faces south toward the famous Ball Court, beyond which are the Hieroglyphic Stairway and royal Acropolis, the political and ritual center of the kingdom. Other Maya polities located along major routes managed the transport, exchange, and redistribution of products.

Several lowland sites gained power and prosperity from locations that controlled portages between river trade routes. The Middle Preclassic lowland site of Nakbe was probably among the first to control the strategic route across the base of the Yucatan peninsula. The rulers of Nakbe also ordered the construction of the earliest known causeway in the Maya lowlands.

Overall, location and successful economic, social, political, and religious activities were all crucial to the early development of Maya kings and their polities. By the Late Preclassic the first Maya kingdoms had emerged in the southern area, ruled by kings possessing the hallmarks of the powerful kings of the subsequent Classic period. Like their better-known successors, these Preclassic kings left their portraits on carved stone monuments that associated their reigns with the cycles of time.

The earliest known dates in the Maya Long Count calendar come from Late Preclassic sites on the Pacific coastal plain. Kaminaljuyu in the highlands remained the largest of these southern Maya capitals; its Late Preclassic kings ruled their subjects from elaborately carved stone thrones and were depicted on beautifully carved monuments. Undeciphered texts undoubtedly proclaim their achievements and triumphs, like those of their later counterparts.

One Kaminaljuyu sculpture depicts a succession of three kings seated on thrones, each flanked by pairs of bound captives.

Rey maya chan bahlum biography

The tombs of two of its kings have been excavated, and were found filled with sumptuous goods, jades, hundreds of pottery vessels for offerings, and several human sacrifices. These drawings of Tikal Stela 23 left side, front, right side depict the only identified female ruler of Tikal. Her name remains unknown, so she is referred to as the Lady of Tikal.

Tikal Stela 31 was dedicated to the auspicious 9. The king is portrayed on the front while the text on the back recounts the dynastic history of his royal predecessors. The Maya lowlands also saw the emergence of a series of Late Preclassic kingdoms. The largest had its capital at El Mirador, the hub of a network of causeways that facilitated control over its hinterland.

Although no portrait of an El Mirador king has been identified, royal power is amply reflected in the size of the constructions they commissioned. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.

Palenque gale. Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture. Learn more about citation styles Citation styles Encyclopedia. Palenque oxford. The well-preserved ruins of the city, which existed from about ad to , include notable examples of Mayan architecture and extensive hieroglyphic texts. The city's ancient name has been lost and it is now named after a neighbouring village.

More From encyclopedia. About this article Palenque All Sources -. Updated Aug 13 About encyclopedia. Related Topics mansard roof. Palencia, Isabel de —c. Palencia, Elaine Fowler —. Palencia, Elaine Fowler. Palen, Debbie Palella, Antonio.